Study links climate change with rising arsenic levels in rice, increasing cancer risks for Asians
A recent comprehensive study links climate change with rising arsenic levels in rice, posing increased cancer and other health risks for Asian populations. The research, published in The Lancet Planetary Health and conducted by Columbia University along with other institutions, found that increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperatures above 2°C alter soil chemistry, enhancing arsenic absorption by rice plants.
Over a decade, 28 rice strains were grown in experimental conditions across China, showing that higher CO2 and temperature levels promote root growth and soil microbial activity that increase arsenic uptake into rice grains.
Arsenic in rice, especially inorganic arsenic, is a confirmed carcinogen linked to lung, bladder, and skin cancers, as well as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, pregnancy complications, neurodevelopmental issues, and immune dysfunction.
Modeling projections estimate that by 2050, tens of millions of additional cancer cases in Asia could be attributed to elevated arsenic exposure from rice consumption, with China alone potentially facing over 13 million cases.
The countries most affected include Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Vietnam, where rice is a dietary staple.
The study highlights the synergistic effect of rising CO2 and temperature on arsenic accumulation, compounding dietary exposure risks.
To mitigate these risks, researchers recommend:
Breeding rice varieties that absorb less arsenic
Improved soil management practices in rice paddies
Enhanced processing and cooking methods to reduce arsenic content
Public health initiatives for consumer education and exposure monitoring.
This study underscores the urgent need to address the intersection of climate change and food safety to prevent a substantial rise in arsenic-related health burdens across Asia.
