Socrates and his Wife
Socrates was married to Xanthippe, a woman often portrayed in ancient sources as sharp-tempered and argumentative. Their relationship, drawn from accounts by Xenophon and Plato, highlights Socrates’ philosophical patience amid domestic challenges. Xanthippe bore him three sons: Lamprocles, Sophroniscus, and Menexenus.
Xanthippe’s Reputation
Ancient texts depict Xanthippe as nagging and difficult, with anecdotes like her pouring water on Socrates during a lecture or tearing his shirt. Socrates reportedly endured her outbursts calmly, viewing them as training for tolerating public interactions. He compared marrying her to a rider choosing a spirited horse to master all others.
Socrates’ Perspective
Socrates chose Xanthippe for her fiery nature, believing it prepared him for dealing with all humanity. Despite her shrewish image, some sources note her as a devoted mother, and Socrates praised her family role. Their significant age gap—about 30–40 years—was typical in ancient Athens.
Historical Context
Stories of their marriage may exaggerate for humor or moral lessons, as Socrates left no writings himself. Debates persist on whether he had a second wife, Myrto, but most scholars doubt it. Xanthippe’s name, meaning “yellow horse,” fittingly evokes her spirited persona.
